النهارده جبنالكو أهم التعبيرات الأدبيه اللي هاتشوف كتير منها في الـ SAT والأدب بشكل عام
alliteration
use of the same consonant at the beginning of each word
allusion
passing reference or indirect mention
A reference to a statement, person, place, event, or thing that is known from literature, history, religion, myth, politics, sports, science, or pop culture.
anachronism
locating something at a time when it couldn’t have existed
Examples: the clock and book mentioned in Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar. In 44 B.C. there were no clocks; they used sundials to tell time. Also, there were no books; they used scrolls.
antagonist
someone who offers opposition
The character who comes into conflict with the protagonist in a literary work.
assonance
the repetition of similar vowels in successive words
ballad
a narrative poem of popular origin
blank verse
unrhymed poetry, usually in iambic pentameter
characterization
the act of describing essential features
direct characterization: where the author describes the character directly; i.e. john is a good soldier.
indirect characterization: where the author describes the character indirectly through actions, speech, appearance, private thoughts, or other characters responses.
climax
the highest point of anything
The most intense or exciting moment in the story when something happens to decide the outcome of the conflict.
conflict
an open clash between two opposing groups
Internal Conflict: man vs. self
External Conflict: man vs. man, man vs. nature, man vs. society, man vs. the supernatural
connotation
an idea that is implied or suggested
All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests.
couplet
a stanza consisting of two successive lines of verse
denotation
the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression
denouement
the outcome of a complex sequence of events
AKA resolution: the moment in a story where all problems are resolved, either happily or unhappily, and the story is closed (untying the knot)
drama
a work intended for performance by actors on a stage
enjambment
continuation from one line of verse into the next line
epic
a long narrative poem telling of a hero’s deeds
exposition
a collection of things for public display
A type of writing that explains, gives information, or clarifies and idea.
fiction
a literary work based on the imagination
figure of speech
language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense
flashback
a transition in a story to an earlier event or scene
foreshadowing
the act of providing vague advance indications
free verse
poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter
hyperbole
extravagant exaggeration
imagery
the ability to form mental pictures of things or events
internal rhyme
a rhyme between words in the same line
irony
incongruity between what might be expected and what occurs
meter
a pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in verse
narration
giving an account describing a course of events
nonfiction
prose writing that is not formed by the imagination
novel
an extended fictional work in prose
onomatopoeia
using words that imitate the sound they
denote
personification
attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas
persuasion
communication intended to induce belief or action
plot
a small area of ground covered by specific vegetation
poetry
literature in metrical form
point of view
a mental position from which things are perceived
protagonist
the principal character in a work of fiction
quatrain
a stanza of four lines
rhythm
alternation of stressed and unstressed elements in speech
satire
witty language used to convey insults or scorn
scansion
analysis of verse into metrical patterns
setting
the physical position of something
simile
a figure of speech expressing a resemblance between things
sonnet
a verse form of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme
speaker
someone who expresses in language
The voice that is talking to us in a poem.
stanza
a fixed number of lines of verse forming a unit of a poem
stress
the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note
theme
the subject matter of a conversation or discussion
tone
the distinctive property of a complex
sound
The attitude a writer takes toward the reader, a subject, or a character.
triplet
one of three offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy
metaphor
a figure of speech that suggests a non-literal similarity
didactic
instructive, especially excessively
didactic literature: writing that aims primarily to teach (parables)
symbol
something visible that represents something invisible
soliloquy
speech you make to yourself
end-rhymed
rhymed on the terminal syllables of the verses
iambic
of or consisting of iambs
untressed, stressed syllable in a word: i.e. deny besiege
iambic pentameter: five iambs in a line of poetry (used in sonnets and Shakespeare’s plays)
dramatic irony
when the audience understands something the characters don’t
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Mr. John Edward
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